Explanation
Use reported questions when you tell someone a question that was asked. In English, the question becomes a statement inside the sentence.
For example, "She asked where the station was." Here, "She asked" is the reporting part, and "where the station was" is the reported question. Notice that English does not use question order after "asked". The subject "the station" comes before the verb "was".
For yes/no questions, use "if" or "whether", as in "He asked if I was free." Japanese often uses 「〜かと聞いた」, so the idea is similar, but English still needs statement word order.
だれかがした質問を伝えるときに、reported questions を使います。英語では、文の中に入ると疑問文が「普通の文」の順番になります。
たとえば "She asked where the station was." では、"She asked" が「彼女は聞いた」という部分で、"where the station was" が伝えた質問です。ここでは "asked" のあとに疑問文の語順を使いません。"the station" が先で、動詞 "was" が後ろに来ます。
yes/no の質問なら "if" や "whether" を使って、"He asked if I was free." のように言います。日本語の「〜かと聞いた」に近いですが、英語では語順を疑問文のままにしないのが大事です。
Examples
- She asked where the station was. 彼女は駅がどこにあるのか聞いた。
- He asked me if I was busy. 彼は私に忙しいか聞いた。
- I asked Jane why she would not date me. 私はジェーンに、なぜ私とデートしてくれないのか尋ねた。
- They asked why the meeting was late. 彼らは会議がなぜ遅れたのか聞いた。
- She asked whether we had finished the work. 彼女は私たちがその仕事を終えたかどうか聞いた。
- He asked me why I voted for Bill Smith. 彼は私に、なぜビル・スミスに投票したのかと尋ねた。
Common Mistakes
Japanese learners often keep direct question word order after "ask":
Wrong "He asked me what time is it."
Right "He asked me what time it was" or in more casual English, "He asked me the time."
They also forget "if" or "whether" for yes/no questions:
Wrong "She asked me do I like tea."
Right "She asked me if I liked tea."
日本語学習者は、「ask」の後に続く直接疑問文の語順をそのままにしてしまうことがよくあります。
誤り:「He asked me what time is it.」
正しい:「He asked me what time it was.」または、よりくだけた英語では「He asked me the time.」
また、はい/いいえ疑問文の「if」や「whether」を忘れてしまうこともあります。
誤り:「She asked me do I like tea.」
正しい:「She asked me if I like tea.」